On the working principle of tensile testing machin

Talking about the working principle of the tensile testing machine

the tensile testing machine can test the non-metallic materials such as rubber, plastics, textiles, wires and cables, composite materials, leather, waterproof coiled materials, non-woven fabrics, geotextiles, paper, and metal wires, metal foils, metal plates and metal bars for tensile, contraction, bending, peeling, shearing and other mechanical functions. It has the characteristics of wide measurement range, high accuracy, fast response, etc, It can also stop real-time display, recording and printing of experimental data. Universal Experimental machines are widely used in quality monitoring, teaching and scientific research, aerospace, iron and steel metallurgy, automobile, construction materials and other fields

although the universal experiment, this pilot device makes us take a solid step on the long road of PPC industrialization. As the most commonly used mechanical testing instrument in the laboratory, the machine is widely used. We also need to understand the obligation principle of the universal experimental machine and the system structure of the universal experimental machine

I. the control system of the universal experimental machine

literally means the system that controls the operation of the experimental machine. People can control the operation of the experimental machine through the console, and can get the shape of the experimental machine and various experimental parameters through the display screen. If the equipment is connected to the computer, the computer can also complete various functions, stop data processing and analysis, and print the experimental results. The communication between the experimental machine and the computer usually uses RS232 serial communication mode, which stops the communication through the serial port of the computer. This technology is relatively mature, reliable and easy to use

second, the driving system of the universal experimental machine

is mainly used for the movement of the beam of the experimental machine. Its obligation principle is that the servo system controls the motor, and the motor forms a high rigid portal frame structure through a series of transmission machines such as the reducer to drive the screw rod to rotate, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the movement of the beam. By changing the speed of the motor, the moving speed of the beam can be changed

III. The measurement system of the universal experimental machine

1. The principle of beam displacement measurement

is roughly opposite to that of deformation measurement. Both of them measure the output pulse number of the photoelectric encoder to obtain the displacement of the beam

2. Force measurement

the measurement is completed by force sensor, signal reducer and data processing system. The most commonly used force sensor is strain gauge sensor. The so-called strain gauge sensor is composed of strain gauge, elastic element and compensation element, protective cover, wiring socket and loading part, which can turn a certain mechanical quantity into electrical output device. Strain gauge tension and pressure sensors have a single variety at home and abroad, mainly including cylindrical, spoke, s double hole, cross beam and other sensors

3. Deformation measurement

there are two chucks on the deformation measurement device, which are connected with the photoelectric encoder installed on the top of the measurement device through a series of transmission mechanisms. When the distance between the two chucks changes, it drives the shaft of the photoelectric encoder to rotate, and the photoelectric encoder will have pulse signal output. Then, the deformation of the sample can be obtained by the processor in this signal or even backward processing